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Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research Vol.41 603-617 June 1998.
© American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
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Written Language Comprehension in Younger and Older Adults

Joyce L. Harris 1
Wendy A. Rogers 2

Constance D. Qualls 1
1 The University of Memphis Tennessee
2 The University of Georgia Athens

This study examined the effects of text genre and repeated reading on written language comprehension in younger (M = 21 years) and older (M = 72 years) healthy adults (N = 54). Participants verified four text-based statements (i.e., explicit, implicit, contradictory, and elaborated) after reading expository, narrative, and procedural texts. Verification accuracy was comparable for both age groups; however, text genre, statement-type, and repeated reading produced significant effects. Expository passages, explicit and implicit statements, and repeated reading yielded superior results. Procedural passages and contradictory and elaborated statements yielded less accurate results. Statement-types invoked multiple levels of cognitive representation across text genres and age groups. Overall, reading time was significantly faster for younger adults, and readingtimes were significantly faster for both age groups during the repeated reading trial. Text genre also influenced reading time, with expository passages read faster than narrative and procedural passages. These findings suggest theappreciable influences of text genre and repeated reading on measures of text processing and comprehension in healthy adults, irrespective of age.

KEY WORDS: written language comprehension, aging, text genre, cognitive representation, reading time

Submitted on February 4, 1997
Accepted on September 15, 1997


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